The INTERREG Caribbean IV program recommends the valorization and protection of the region's environmental core, through collaborative and sustainable management of resources. It uses Martinique as the test case. The French territories of Saint-Martin, Saint-Barthélemy, Guadeloupe, and Martinique, and the member states of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States are part of a geographic continuum that can easily be identified through its similar landscapes, climates, and natural resources and also through the environmental degradation the states have to face, caused by human activity (pollution and deterioration of ecosystems and habitats), natural hazards, and climate change including sea level rise. Therefore the islands of the Lesser Antilles are faced with an important developmental and environmental challenge, which could be easily summarized as a struggle for balance.