Article Dans Une Revue Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Année : 2026

Nutrient Enrichment by Poultry Biochar Reshapes Soil Microbial Networks, Reducing Interaction Complexity in Tropical Sandy Soils

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Purpose This study evaluated how poultry manure-derived biochar influences the structure, diversity, and co-occurrence networks of soil bacterial communities in nutrient-poor tropical sandy soils. We examined the trade-off between improved soil fertility and potential simplification of microbial networks, testing the hypothesis that high biochar rates would enhance nutrient availability but reduce microbial complexity and diversity. Methods A field experiment was conducted over two years in sandy soils of northeastern Brazil, applying poultry biochar. We used six treatments: (a) control (no amendments), (b) low-rate biochar (Bio_10t = 10 t ha⁻¹), (c) high-rate biochar (Bio_40t = 40 t ha⁻¹), (d) chicken manure (E.Av = 5 t ha⁻¹), (e) synthetic mineral fertilizer (Mineral = NPK), and (f) poultry manure (C.Av = 10 t ha⁻¹). Soil chemical properties were assessed, and bacterial communities were analyzed using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. Network analyses were performed using SparCC and NetCoMi, and multivariate statistics determined key environmental drivers. Results High biochar inputs increased organic C, P, and K levels, leading to a distinct shift in microbial community structure. However, this nutrient enrichment reduced amplicon sequence variants richness by 22.4% (from 3,250 to 2,521) and Shannon diversity by 3.6% (from 7.16 to 6.90) relative to the control. Network analysis showed substantial simplification of microbial interactions: the control treatment had 3,116 co-occurrence edges, which fell to 1,423 under low biochar (Bio_10t) and 1,849 under high biochar (Bio_40t)—reductions of 54% and 40%, respectively.

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ird-05498845 , version 1 (07-02-2026)

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Avete Vieira Lima, Diogo Paes da Costa, Gustavo Pereira Duda, Jamilly Alves de Barros, Rafaela da Conceição Santos, et al.. Nutrient Enrichment by Poultry Biochar Reshapes Soil Microbial Networks, Reducing Interaction Complexity in Tropical Sandy Soils. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, In press, ⟨10.1007/s42729-026-03005-1⟩. ⟨ird-05498845⟩
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